Trnsys modele 576
Therefore, the focus of research and experimentation has been devoted to the study of variables in order to optimize the conditioner system. However, the interaction of factors that influence the design and use of the greenhouse (outside local climate, exposure, slope, soil, altitude, wind conditions, type of glass and structural material used, cultivated plant species, etc.) influences greatly the energy balance. It was calculated that only the direct consumption of energy for the air conditioning goes whirling on the order of 140,000 TOE (tons of oil equivalent), approximately 90–95% of global energy demand for production. In this context, an innovative strategy to reduce the impact of protected cultivation on the environment influence is one that aims to transform the emissions from the agricultural system “open” to a kind of “closed,” essentially based on the reuse or reduction of waste material, and on the computerized monitoring of pests on the “soil-less” crop and the recycling of the nutrient solution.Īpproximately 20–30% of the Italian greenhouses are equipped with heating and cooling systems. For the various issues of this agroecosystem, a systematic and multidisciplinary approach is pursued in which the use of different available technologies can heal the conflict that still exists between food production, energy demand, environmental protection, and economic policy. In a greenhouse there are significant interactions between different factors of production, including the different structural type and climate along the Italian territory. The development of solar greenhouses in Italy is due to the current trend to diversify agricultural production, energy efficiency, and farmer’s specialization. The results show energy savings both for heating and cooling due to PV panels, adding a new reason for the realization of these systems.
Values of climatic parameters are obtained as a responce for the feasibility of the cultivation under PV modules.
This paper illustrates the comparison of optical and thermal behavior of a solar greenhouse and a similar glass greenhouse, devoted to the production of soil-less tomatoes in three different Italian areas, with computational aspects and methods of the TRNSYS simulation. The interaction of factors as outside local climate, exposure, slope, soil, altitude, wind conditions, structural materials, or cultivated plant species, influences greatly the energy balance. The interest of the developers and designers is now to seek new approaches to combine the electricity and food production optimally. The production of energy from renewable sources, the diversification of the productive activities, and the development of photovoltaic technology and integrated systems have led to the development of solar greenhouses.